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标题: c语言函数大全 [打印本页]

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 21:30
标题: c语言函数大全

c语言函数大全 索引

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 21:56
函数名: abort
功 能: 异常终止一个进程
用 法: void abort(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
printf("Calling abort()
");
abort();
return 0; /* This is never reached */
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 21:59
函数名: abs
功 能: 求整数的绝对值
用 法: int abs(int i);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int number = -1234;
printf("number: %d absolute value: %d
", number, abs(number));
return 0;
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:01
函数名: absread, abswirte
功 能: 绝对磁盘扇区读、写数据
用 法: int absread(int drive, int nsects, int sectno, void *buffer);
int abswrite(int drive, int nsects, in tsectno, void *buffer);
程序例:
/* absread example */
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int i, strt, ch_out, sector;
char buf[512];
printf("Insert a diskette into drive A and press any key
");
getch();
sector = 0;
if (absread(0, 1, sector, &buf) != 0)
{
perror("Disk problem");
exit(1);
}
printf("Read OK
");
strt = 3;
for (i=0; i<80; i++)
{
ch_out = buf[strt+i];
putchar(ch_out);
}
printf("
");
return(0);
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:02
函数名: access
功 能: 确定文件的访问权限
用 法: int access(const char *filename, int amode);
程序例:
#include
#include
int file_exists(char *filename);
int main(void)
{
printf("Does NOTEXIST.FIL exist: %s
",
file_exists("NOTEXISTS.FIL") ? "YES" : "NO");
return 0;
}
int file_exists(char *filename)
{
return (access(filename, 0)== 0);
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:11
函数名: acos
功 能: 反余弦函数
用 法: double acos(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 0.5;
result = acos(x);
printf("The arc cosine of %lf is %lf
", x, result);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:12
函数名: acos
功 能: 反余弦函数
用 法: double acos(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 0.5;
result = acos(x);
printf("The arc cosine of %lf is %lf
", x, result);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:12
函数名: allocmem
功 能: 分配DOS存储段
用 法: int allocmem(unsigned size, unsigned *seg);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
unsigned int size, segp;
int stat;
size = 64; /* (64 x 16) = 1024 bytes */
stat = allocmem(size, &segp);
if (stat == -1)
printf("Allocated memory at segment: %x
", segp);
else
printf("Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %u
",
stat);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:13
函数名: arc
功 能: 画一弧线
用 法: void far arc(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle, int radius);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy;
int stangle = 45, endangle = 135;
int radius = 100;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult(); /* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* draw arc */
arc(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, radius);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:14
函数名: asctime
功 能: 转换日期和时间为ASCII码
用 法: char *asctime(const struct tm *tblock);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
struct tm t;
char str[80];
/* sample loading of tm structure */
t.tm_sec = 1; /* Seconds */
t.tm_min = 30; /* Minutes */
t.tm_hour = 9; /* Hour */
t.tm_mday = 22; /* Day of the Month */
t.tm_mon = 11; /* Month */
t.tm_year = 56; /* Year - does not include century */
t.tm_wday = 4; /* Day of the week */
t.tm_yday = 0; /* Does not show in asctime */
t.tm_isdst = 0; /* Is Daylight SavTime; does not show in asctime */
/* converts structure to null terminated
string */
strcpy(str, asctime(&t));
printf("%s
", str);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:15
函数名: asin
功 能: 反正弦函数
用 法: double asin(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 0.5;
result = asin(x);
printf("The arc sin of %lf is %lf
", x, result);
return(0);
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:16
函数名: assert
功 能: 测试一个条件并可能使程序终止
用 法: void assert(int test);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
struct ITEM {
int key;
int value;
};
/* add item to list, make sure list is not null */
void additem(struct ITEM *itemptr) {
assert(itemptr !=NULL);
/* add item to list */
}
int main(void)
{
additem(NULL);
return 0;
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:16
函数名: atan
功 能: 反正切函数
用 法: double atan(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 0.5;
result = atan(x);
printf("The arc tangent of %lf is %lf
", x, result);
return(0);
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:17
函数名: atan2
功 能: 计算Y/X的反正切值
用 法: double atan2(double y, double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 90.0, y = 45.0;
result = atan2(y, x);
printf("The arc tangent ratio of %lf is %lf
", (y / x), result);
return 0;
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:18
函数名: atexit
功 能: 注册终止函数
用 法: int atexit(atexit_t func);
程序例:
#include
#include
void exit_fn1(void)
{
printf("Exit function #1 called
");
}
void exit_fn2(void)
{
printf("Exit function #2 called
");
}
int main(void)
{
/* post exit function #1 */
atexit(exit_fn1);
/* post exit function #2 */
atexit(exit_fn2);
return 0;
}

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作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:19
函数名: atof
功 能: 把字符串转换成浮点数
用 法: double atof(const char *nptr);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
float f;
char *str = "12345.67";
f = atof(str);
printf("string = %s float = %f
", str, f);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:19
函数名: atoi
功 能: 把字符串转换成长整型数
用 法: int atoi(const char *nptr);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int n;
char *str = "12345.67";
n = atoi(str);
printf("string = %s integer = %d
", str, n);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:22
函数名: atol
功 能: 把字符串转换成长整型数
用 法: long atol(const char *nptr);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
long l;
char *str = "98765432";
l = atol(lstr);
printf("string = %s integer = %ld
", str, l);
return(0);
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:23
函数名: bar
功 能: 画一个二维条形图
用 法: void far bar(int left, int top, int right, int bottom);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy, i;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* loop through the fill patterns */
for (i=SOLID_FILL; i {
/* set the fill style */
setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor());
/* draw the bar */
bar(midx-50, midy-50, midx+50,
midy+50);
getch();
}
/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:23
函数名: bar3d
功 能: 画一个三维条形图
用 法: void far bar3d(int left, int top, int right, int bottom,
int depth, int topflag);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy, i;
/* initialize graphics, local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* loop through the fill patterns */
for (i=EMPTY_FILL; i {
/* set the fill style */
setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor());
/* draw the 3-d bar */
bar3d(midx-50, midy-50, midx+50, midy+50, 10, 1);
getch();
}
/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:40
函数名: bdos
功 能: DOS系统调用
用 法: int bdos(int dosfun, unsigned dosdx, unsigned dosal);
程序例:
#include
#include
/* Get current drive as &#39;A&#39;, &#39;B&#39;, ... */
char current_drive(void)
{
char curdrive;
/* Get current disk as 0, 1, ... */
curdrive = bdos(0x19, 0, 0);
return(&#39;A&#39; + curdrive);
}
int main(void)
{
printf("The current drive is %c:
", current_drive());
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:40
函数名: bdosptr
功 能: DOS系统调用
用 法: int bdosptr(int dosfun, void *argument, unsigned dosal);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define BUFLEN 80
int main(void)
{
char buffer[BUFLEN];
int test;
printf("Enter full pathname of a directory
");
gets(buffer);
test = bdosptr(0x3B,buffer,0);
if(test)
{
printf("DOS error message: %d
", errno);
/* See errno.h for error listings */
exit (1);
}
getcwd(buffer, BUFLEN);
printf("The current directory is: %s
", buffer);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:43
函数名: bioscom
功 能: 串行I/O通信
用 法: int bioscom(int cmd, char abyte, int port);
程序例:
#include
#include
#define COM1 0
#define DATA_READY 0x100
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define SETTINGS ( 0x80 | 0x02 | 0x00 | 0x00)
int main(void)
{
int in, out, status, DONE = FALSE;
bioscom(0, SETTINGS, COM1);
cprintf("... BIOSCOM [ESC] to exit ...
");
while (!DONE)
{
status = bioscom(3, 0, COM1);
if (status & DATA_READY)
if ((out = bioscom(2, 0, COM1) & 0x7F) != 0)
putch(out);
if (kbhit())
{
if ((in = getch()) == &#39;\x1B&#39;)
DONE = TRUE;
bioscom(1, in, COM1);
}
}
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:44
函数名: biosdisk
功 能: 软硬盘I/O
用 法: int biosdisk(int cmd, int drive, int head, int track, int sector
int nsects, void *buffer);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int result;
char buffer[512];
printf("Testing to see if drive a: is ready
");
result = biosdisk(4,0,0,0,0,1,buffer);
result &= 0x02;
(result) ? (printf("Drive A: Ready
")) :
(printf("Drive A: Not Ready
"));
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:44
函数名: biosequip
功 能: 检查设备
用 法: int biosequip(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int result;
char buffer[512];
printf("Testing to see if drive a: is ready
");
result = biosdisk(4,0,0,0,0,1,buffer);
result &= 0x02;
(result) ? (printf("Drive A: Ready
")) :
(printf("Drive A: Not Ready
"));
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:45
函数名: bioskey
功 能: 直接使用BIOS服务的键盘接口
用 法: int bioskey(int cmd);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#define RIGHT 0x01
#define LEFT 0x02
#define CTRL 0x04
#define ALT 0x08
int main(void)
{
int key, modifiers;
/* function 1 returns 0 until a key is pressed */
while (bioskey(1) == 0);
/* function 0 returns the key that is waiting */
key = bioskey(0);
/* use function 2 to determine if shift keys were used */
modifiers = bioskey(2);
if (modifiers)
{
printf("[");
if (modifiers & RIGHT) printf("RIGHT");
if (modifiers & LEFT) printf("LEFT");
if (modifiers & CTRL) printf("CTRL");
if (modifiers & ALT) printf("ALT");
printf("]");
}
/* print out the character read */
if (isalnum(key & 0xFF))
printf("&#39;%c&#39;
", key);
else
printf("%#02x
", key);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:46
函数名: biosmemory
功 能: 返回存储块大小
用 法:int biosmemory(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int memory_size;
memory_size = biosmemory(); /* returns value up to 640K */
printf("RAM size = %dK
",memory_size);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:46
函数名: biosprint
功 能: 直接使用BIOS服务的打印机I/O
用 法: int biosprint(int cmd, int byte, int port);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
#define STATUS 2 /* printer status command */
#define PORTNUM 0 /* port number for LPT1 */
int status, abyte=0;
printf("Please turn off your printer. Press any key to continue
");
getch();
status = biosprint(STATUS, abyte, PORTNUM);
if (status & 0x01)
printf("Device time out.
");
if (status & 0x08)
printf("I/O error.
");
if (status & 0x10)
printf("Selected.
");
if (status & 0x20)
printf("Out of paper.
");
if (status & 0x40)
printf("Acknowledge.
");
if (status & 0x80)
printf("Not busy.
");
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:47
函数名: biostime
功 能: 读取或设置BIOS时间
用 法: long biostime(int cmd, long newtime);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
long bios_time;
clrscr();
cprintf("The number of clock ticks since midnight is:\r
");
cprintf("The number of seconds since midnight is:\r
");
cprintf("The number of minutes since midnight is:\r
");
cprintf("The number of hours since midnight is:\r
");
cprintf("\r
Press any key to quit:");
while(!kbhit())
{
bios_time = biostime(0, 0L);
gotoxy(50, 1);
cprintf("%lu", bios_time);
gotoxy(50, 2);
cprintf("%.4f", bios_time / CLK_TCK);
gotoxy(50, 3);
cprintf("%.4f", bios_time / CLK_TCK / 60);
gotoxy(50, 4);
cprintf("%.4f", bios_time / CLK_TCK / 3600);
}
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:48
函数名: brk
功 能: 改变数据段空间分配
用 法: int brk(void *endds);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char *ptr;
printf("Changing allocation with brk()
");
ptr = malloc(1);
printf("Before brk() call: %lu bytes free
", coreleft());
brk(ptr+1000);
printf(" After brk() call: %lu bytes free
", coreleft());
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:48
函数名: bsearch
功 能: 二分法搜索
用 法: void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base, size_t *nelem,
size_t width, int(*fcmp)(const void *, const *));
程序例:
#include
#include
#define NELEMS(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]))
int numarray[] = {123, 145, 512, 627, 800, 933};
int numeric (const int *p1, const int *p2)
{
return(*p1 - *p2);
}
int lookup(int key)
{
int *itemptr;
/* The cast of (int(*)(const void *,const void*))
is needed to avoid a type mismatch error at
compile time */
itemptr = bsearch (&key, numarray, NELEMS(numarray),
sizeof(int), (int(*)(const void *,const void *))numeric);
return (itemptr != NULL);
}
int main(void)
{
if (lookup(512))
printf("512 is in the table.
");
else
printf("512 isn&#39;t in the table.
");
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:49
函数名: cabs
功 能: 计算复数的绝对值
用 法: double cabs(struct complex z);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
struct complex z;
double val;
z.x = 2.0;
z.y = 1.0;
val = cabs(z);
printf("The absolute value of %.2lfi %.2lfj is %.2lf", z.x, z.y, val);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:49
函数名: calloc
功 能: 分配主存储器
用 法: void *calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char *str = NULL;
/* allocate memory for string */
str = calloc(10, sizeof(char));
/* copy "Hello" into string */
strcpy(str, "Hello");
/* display string */
printf("String is %s
", str);
/* free memory */
free(str);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:50
函数名: ceil
功 能: 向上舍入
用 法: double ceil(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double number = 123.54;
double down, up;
down = floor(number);
up = ceil(number);
printf("original number %5.2lf
", number);
printf("number rounded down %5.2lf
", down);
printf("number rounded up %5.2lf
", up);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:51
函数名: cgets
功 能: 从控制台读字符串
用 法: char *cgets(char *str);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char buffer[83];
char *p;
/* There&#39;s space for 80 characters plus the NULL terminator */
buffer[0] = 81;
printf("Input some chars:");
p = cgets(buffer);
printf("
cgets read %d characters: \"%s\"
", buffer[1], p);
printf("The returned pointer is %p, buffer[0] is at %p
", p, &buffer);
/* Leave room for 5 characters plus the NULL terminator */
buffer[0] = 6;
printf("Input some chars:");
p = cgets(buffer);
printf("
cgets read %d characters: \"%s\"
", buffer[1], p);
printf("The returned pointer is %p, buffer[0] is at %p
", p, &buffer);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:51
函数名: chdir
功 能: 改变工作目录
用 法: int chdir(const char *path);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
char old_dir[MAXDIR];
char new_dir[MAXDIR];
int main(void)
{
if (getcurdir(0, old_dir))
{
perror("getcurdir()");
exit(1);
}
printf("Current directory is: \\%s
", old_dir);
if (chdir("\\"))
{
perror("chdir()");
exit(1);
}
if (getcurdir(0, new_dir))
{
perror("getcurdir()");
exit(1);
}
printf("Current directory is now: \\%s
", new_dir);
printf("
Changing back to orignal directory: \\%s
", old_dir);
if (chdir(old_dir))
{
perror("chdir()");
exit(1);
}
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:52
函数名: _chmod, chmod
功 能: 改变文件的访问方式
用 法: int chmod(const char *filename, int permiss);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
void make_read_only(char *filename);
int main(void)
{
make_read_only("NOTEXIST.FIL");
make_read_only("MYFILE.FIL");
return 0;
}
void make_read_only(char *filename)
{
int stat;
stat = chmod(filename, S_IREAD);
if (stat)
printf("Couldn&#39;t make %s read-only
", filename);
else
printf("Made %s read-only
", filename);
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:52
函数名: chsize
功 能: 改变文件大小
用 法: int chsize(int handle, long size);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int handle;
char buf[11] = "0123456789";
/* create text file containing 10 bytes */
handle = open("DUMMY.FIL", O_CREAT);
write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));
/* truncate the file to 5 bytes in size */
chsize(handle, 5);
/* close the file */
close(handle);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:53
函数名: circle
功 能: 在给定半径以(x, y)为圆心画圆
用 法: void far circle(int x, int y, int radius);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy;
int radius = 100;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* draw the circle */
circle(midx, midy, radius);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:54
函数名: cleardevice
功 能: 清除图形屏幕
用 法: void far cleardevice(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* for centering screen messages */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
/* output a message to the screen */
outtextxy(midx, midy, "press any key to clear the screen:");
/* wait for a key */
getch();
/* clear the screen */
cleardevice();
/* output another message */
outtextxy(midx, midy, "press any key to quit:");
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:54
函数名: clearerr
功 能: 复位错误标志
用 法:void clearerr(FILE *stream);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *fp;
char ch;
/* open a file for writing */
fp = fopen("DUMMY.FIL", "w");
/* force an error condition by attempting to read */
ch = fgetc(fp);
printf("%c
",ch);
if (ferror(fp))
{
/* display an error message */
printf("Error reading from DUMMY.FIL
");
/* reset the error and EOF indicators */
clearerr(fp);
}
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:55
函数名: clearviewport
功 能: 清除图形视区
用 法: void far clearviewport(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define CLIP_ON 1 /* activates clipping in viewport */
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int ht;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
ht = textheight("W");
/* message in default full-screen viewport */
outtextxy(0, 0, "* <-- (0, 0) in default viewport");
/* create a smaller viewport */
setviewport(50, 50, getmaxx()-50, getmaxy()-50, CLIP_ON);
/* display some messages */
outtextxy(0, 0, "* <-- (0, 0) in smaller viewport");
outtextxy(0, 2*ht, "Press any key to clear viewport:");
/* wait for a key */
getch();
/* clear the viewport */
clearviewport();
/* output another message */
outtextxy(0, 0, "Press any key to quit:");
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:56
函数名: _close, close
功 能: 关闭文件句柄
用 法: int close(int handle);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
main()
{
int handle;
char buf[11] = "0123456789";
/* create a file containing 10 bytes */
handle = open("NEW.FIL", O_CREAT);
if (handle > -1)
{
write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));
/* close the file */
close(handle);
}
else
{
printf("Error opening file
");
}
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:56
函数名: clock
功 能: 确定处理器时间
用 法: clock_t clock(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
clock_t start, end;
start = clock();
delay(2000);
end = clock();
printf("The time was: %f
", (end - start) / CLK_TCK);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:57
函数名: closegraph
功 能: 关闭图形系统
用 法: void far closegraph(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int x, y;
/* initialize graphics mode */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error
occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;
/* output a message */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, "Press a key to close the graphics system:");
/* wait for a key */
getch();
/* closes down the graphics system */
closegraph();
printf("We&#39;re now back in text mode.
");
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:58
函数名: clreol
功 能: 在文本窗口中清除字符到行末
用 法: void clreol(void);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
clrscr();
cprintf("The function CLREOL clears all characters from the\r
");
cprintf("cursor position to the end of the line within the\r
");
cprintf("current text window, without moving the cursor.\r
");
cprintf("Press any key to continue . . .");
gotoxy(14, 4);
getch();
clreol();
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:58
函数名: clrscr
功 能: 清除文本模式窗口
用 法: void clrscr(void);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
int i;
clrscr();
for (i = 0; i < 20; i++)
cprintf("%d\r
", i);
cprintf("\r
Press any key to clear screen");
getch();
clrscr();
cprintf("The screen has been cleared!");
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:59
函数名: coreleft
功 能: 返回未使用内存的大小
用 法: unsigned coreleft(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
printf("The difference between the highest allocated block and
");
printf("the top of the heap is: %lu bytes
", (unsigned long) coreleft());
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 22:59
函数名: cos
功 能: 余弦函数
用 法: double cos(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 0.5;
result = cos(x);
printf("The cosine of %lf is %lf
", x, result);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:00
函数名: cosh
功 能: 双曲余弦函数
用 法: dluble cosh(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 0.5;
result = cosh(x);
printf("The hyperboic cosine of %lf is %lf
", x, result);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:01
函数名: country
功 能: 返回与国家有关的信息
用 法: struct COUNTRY *country(int countrycode, struct country *country);
程序例:
#include
#include
#define USA 0
int main(void)
{
struct COUNTRY country_info;
country(USA, &country_info);
printf("The currency symbol for the USA is: %s
",
country_info.co_curr);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:01
函数名: cprintf
功 能: 送格式化输出至屏幕
用 法: int cprintf(const char *format[, argument, ...]);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
/* clear the screen */
clrscr();
/* create a text window */
window(10, 10, 80, 25);
/* output some text in the window */
cprintf("Hello world\r
");
/* wait for a key */
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:02
函数名: cputs
功 能: 写字符到屏幕
用 法: void cputs(const char *string);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
/* clear the screen */
clrscr();
/* create a text window */
window(10, 10, 80, 25);
/* output some text in the window */
cputs("This is within the window\r
");
/* wait for a key */
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:02
函数名: _creat creat
功 能: 创建一个新文件或重写一个已存在的文件
用 法: int creat (const char *filename, int permiss);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int handle;
char buf[11] = "0123456789";
/* change the default file mode from text to binary */
_fmode = O_BINARY;
/* create a binary file for reading and writing */
handle = creat("DUMMY.FIL", S_IREAD | S_IWRITE);
/* write 10 bytes to the file */
write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));
/* close the file */
close(handle);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:03
函数名: creatnew
功 能: 创建一个新文件
用 法: int creatnew(const char *filename, int attrib);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int handle;
char buf[11] = "0123456789";
/* attempt to create a file that doesn&#39;t already exist */
handle = creatnew("DUMMY.FIL", 0);
if (handle == -1)
printf("DUMMY.FIL already exists.
");
else
{
printf("DUMMY.FIL successfully created.
");
write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));
close(handle);
}
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:04
函数名: creattemp
功 能: 创建一个新文件或重写一个已存在的文件
用 法: int creattemp(const char *filename, int attrib);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int handle;
char pathname[128];
strcpy(pathname, "\\");
/* create a unique file in the root directory */
handle = creattemp(pathname, 0);
printf("%s was the unique file created.
", pathname);
close(handle);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:04
函数名: cscanf
功 能: 从控制台执行格式化输入
用 法: int cscanf(char *format[,argument, ...]);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
char string[80];
/* clear the screen */
clrscr();
/* Prompt the user for input */
cprintf("Enter a string with no spaces:");
/* read the input */
cscanf("%s", string);
/* display what was read */
cprintf("\r
The string entered is: %s", string);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:05
函数名: ctime
功 能: 把日期和时间转换为字符串
用 法: char *ctime(const time_t *time);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
time_t t;
time(&t);
printf("Today&#39;s date and time: %s
", ctime(&t));
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:05
函数名: ctrlbrk
功 能: 设置Ctrl-Break处理程序
用 法: void ctrlbrk(*fptr)(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#define ABORT 0
int c_break(void)
{
printf("Control-Break pressed. Program aborting ...
");
return (ABORT);
}
int main(void)
{
ctrlbrk(c_break);
for(;;)
{
printf("Looping... Press to quit:
");
}
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:06
函数名: delay
功 能: 将程序的执行暂停一段时间(毫秒)
用 法: void delay(unsigned milliseconds);
程序例:
/* Emits a 440-Hz tone for 500 milliseconds */
#include
int main(void)
{
sound(440);
delay(500);
nosound();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:07
函数名: delline
功 能: 在文本窗口中删去一行
用 法: void delline(void);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
clrscr();
cprintf("The function DELLINE deletes \
the line containing the\r
");
cprintf("cursor and moves all lines \
below it one line up.\r
");
cprintf("DELLINE operates within the \
currently active text\r
");
cprintf("window. Press any key to \
continue . . .");
gotoxy(1,2); /* Move the cursor to the
second line and first column */
getch();
delline();
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:09
函数名: detectgraph
功 能: 通过检测硬件确定图形驱动程序和模式
用 法: void far detectgraph(int far *graphdriver, int far *graphmode);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
/* names of the various cards supported */
char *dname[] = { "requests detection",
"a CGA",
"an MCGA",
"an EGA",
"a 64K EGA",
"a monochrome EGA",
"an IBM 8514",
"a Hercules monochrome",
"an AT&T 6300 PC",
"a VGA",
"an IBM 3270 PC"
};
int main(void)
{
/* returns detected hardware info. */
int gdriver, gmode, errorcode;
/* detect graphics hardware available */
detectgraph(&gdriver, &gmode);
/* read result of detectgraph call */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error
occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", \
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error
code */
}
/* display the information detected */
clrscr();
printf("You have %s video display \
card.
", dname[gdriver]);
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:10
函数名: difftime
功 能: 计算两个时刻之间的时间差
用 法: double difftime(time_t time2, time_t time1);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
time_t first, second;
clrscr();
first = time(NULL); /* Gets system
time */
delay(2000); /* Waits 2 secs */
second = time(NULL); /* Gets system time
again */
printf("The difference is: %f \
seconds
",difftime(second,first));
getch();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:10
函数名: disable
功 能: 屏蔽中断
用 法: void disable(void);
程序例:
/***NOTE: This is an interrupt service
routine. You cannot compile this program
with Test Stack Overflow turned on and
get an executable file that operates
correctly. */
#include
#include
#include
#define INTR 0X1C /* The clock tick
interrupt */
void interrupt ( *oldhandler)(void);
int count=0;
void interrupt handler(void)
{
/* disable interrupts during the handling of
the interrupt */
disable();
/* increase the global counter */
count++;
/* reenable interrupts at the end of the
handler */
enable();
/* call the old routine */
oldhandler();
}
int main(void)
{
/* save the old interrupt vector */
oldhandler = getvect(INTR);
/* install the new interrupt handler */
setvect(INTR, handler);
/* loop until the counter exceeds 20 */
while (count < 20)
printf("count is %d
",count);
/* reset the old interrupt handler */
setvect(INTR, oldhandler);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:11
函数名: div
功 能: 将两个整数相除, 返回商和余数
用 法: div_t (int number, int denom);
程序例:
#include
#include
div_t x;
int main(void)
{
x = div(10,3);
printf("10 div 3 = %d remainder %d
", x.quot, x.rem);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:12
函数名: dosexterr
功 能: 获取扩展DOS错误信息
用 法: int dosexterr(struct DOSERR *dblkp);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *fp;
struct DOSERROR info;
fp = fopen("perror.dat","r");
if (!fp) perror("Unable to open file for
reading");
dosexterr(&info);
printf("Extended DOS error \
information:
");
printf(" Extended error: \
%d
",info.exterror);
printf(" Class: \
%x
",info.class);
printf(" Action: \
%x
",info.action);
printf(" Error Locus: \
%x
",info.locus);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:12
函数名: dostounix
功 能: 转换日期和时间为UNIX时间格式
用 法: long dostounix(struct date *dateptr, struct time *timeptr);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
time_t t;
struct time d_time;
struct date d_date;
struct tm *local;
getdate(&d_date);
gettime(&d_time);
t = dostounix(&d_date, &d_time);
local = localtime(&t);
printf("Time and Date: %s
", \
asctime(local));
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:13
函数名: drawpoly
功 能: 画多边形
用 法: void far drawpoly(int numpoints, int far *polypoints);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int maxx, maxy;
/* our polygon array */
int poly[10];
/* initialize graphics and local
variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
/* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", \
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
maxx = getmaxx();
maxy = getmaxy();
poly[0] = 20; /* 1st vertext */
poly[1] = maxy / 2;
poly[2] = maxx - 20; /* 2nd */
poly[3] = 20;
poly[4] = maxx - 50; /* 3rd */
poly[5] = maxy - 20;
poly[6] = maxx / 2; /* 4th */
poly[7] = maxy / 2;
/*
drawpoly doesn&#39;t automatically close
the polygon, so we close it.
*/
poly[8] = poly[0];
poly[9] = poly[1];
/* draw the polygon */
drawpoly(5, poly);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:13
函数名: dup
功 能: 复制一个文件句柄
用 法: int dup(int handle);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
void flush(FILE *stream);
int main(void)
{
FILE *fp;
char msg[] = "This is a test";
/* create a file */
fp = fopen("DUMMY.FIL", "w");
/* write some data to the file */
fwrite(msg, strlen(msg), 1, fp);
clrscr();
printf("Press any key to flush \
DUMMY.FIL:");
getch();
/* flush the data to DUMMY.FIL without
closing it */
flush(fp);
printf("
File was flushed, Press any \
key to quit:");
getch();
return 0;
}
void flush(FILE *stream)
{
int duphandle;
/* flush TC&#39;s internal buffer */
fflush(stream);
/* make a duplicate file handle */
duphandle = dup(fileno(stream));
/* close the duplicate handle to flush the
DOS buffer */
close(duphandle);
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:15
函数名: ellipse
功 能: 画一椭圆
用 法: void far ellipse(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle,
int xradius, int yradius);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy;
int stangle = 0, endangle = 360;
int xradius = 100, yradius = 50;
/* initialize graphics, local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
/* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
/* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* draw ellipse */
ellipse(midx, midy, stangle, endangle,
xradius, yradius);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:19
函数名: enable
功 能: 开放硬件中断
用 法: void enable(void);
程序例:
/* ** NOTE:
This is an interrupt service routine. You can NOT compile this program
with Test Stack Overflow turned on and get an executable file which will
operate correctly.
*/
#include
#include
#include
/* The clock tick interrupt */
#define INTR 0X1C
void interrupt ( *oldhandler)(void);
int count=0;
void interrupt handler(void)
{
/*
disable interrupts during the handling of the interrupt
*/
disable();
/* increase the global counter */
count++;
/*
re enable interrupts at the end of the handler
*/
enable();
/* call the old routine */
oldhandler();
}
int main(void)
{
/* save the old interrupt vector */
oldhandler = getvect(INTR);
/* install the new interrupt handler */
setvect(INTR, handler);
/* loop until the counter exceeds 20 */
while (count < 20)
printf("count is %d
",count);
/* reset the old interrupt handler */
setvect(INTR, oldhandler);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:20
函数名: eof
功 能: 检测文件结束
用 法: int eof(int *handle);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int handle;
char msg[] = "This is a test";
char ch;
/* create a file */
handle = open("DUMMY.FIL",
O_CREAT | O_RDWR,
S_IREAD | S_IWRITE);
/* write some data to the file */
write(handle, msg, strlen(msg));
/* seek to the beginning of the file */
lseek(handle, 0L, SEEK_SET);
/*
reads chars from the file until hit EOF
*/
do
{
read(handle, &ch, 1);
printf("%c", ch);
} while (!eof(handle));
close(handle);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:20
函数名: exec...
功 能: 装入并运行其它程序的函数
用 法: int execl(char *pathname, char *arg0, arg1, ..., argn, NULL);
int execle(char *pathname, char *arg0, arg1, ..., argn, NULL,
char *envp[]);
int execlp(char *pathname, char *arg0, arg1, .., NULL);
int execple(char *pathname, char *arg0, arg1, ..., NULL,
char *envp[]);
int execv(char *pathname, char *argv[]);
int execve(char *pathname, char *argv[], char *envp[]);
int execvp(char *pathname, char *argv[]);
int execvpe(char *pathname, char *argv[], char *envp[]);
程序例:
/* execv example */
#include
#include
#include
void main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int i;
printf("Command line arguments:
");
for (i=0; i printf("[%2d] : %s
", i, argv);
printf("About to exec child with arg1 arg2 ...
");
execv("CHILD.EXE", argv);
perror("exec error");
exit(1);
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:21
函数名: exit
功 能: 终止程序
用 法: void exit(int status);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int status;
printf("Enter either 1 or 2
");
status = getch();
/* Sets DOS errorlevel */
exit(status - &#39;0&#39;);
/* Note: this line is never reached */
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:22
函数名: exp
功 能: 指数函数
用 法: double exp(double x);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
double result;
double x = 4.0;
result = exp(x);
printf("&#39;e&#39; raised to the power \
of %lf (e ^ %lf) = %lf
",
x, x, result);
return 0;
}

double fabs(double x);
返回双精度x的绝对值。

void far *farcalloc(unsigned long nunits,unsigned long unitsz);
堆中给含有nu从远nits个元素的，每个元素占用unitsz个字节长的数组分配存贮区。
成功是返回指向新分配的内存块的指针；若存贮空间不够，返回NULL。

unsigned long farcoreleft(void);
返回远堆中未用存贮区的大小。

void farfree(void far *block);
释放远堆中以前所分配内存块。

void far *farmalloc(unsigned long nbytes);
从远堆分配长nbytes字节的内存块，返回新地址。

void far *farrealloc(void far *oldblock,unsigned long nbytes);
调整已分配的内存块的大小为nbytes。需要的话，可把块中的内容复制到新位置。要注意：所有的可用的RAM可被分配，大于64K的块可被分配。
远指针用于存取被分配的块。返回重新分配的内存块的地址。若存贮块重新分配失败，返回NULL。
struct fcb {
char fcb_drive; /* 0 = default, 1 = A, 2 = B */
char fcb_name[8]; /* File name */
char fcb_ext[3]; /* File extension */
short fcb_curblk; /* Current block number */
short fcb_recsize; /* Logical record size in bytes */
long fcb_filsize; /* File size in bytes */
short fcb_date; /* Date file was last written */
char fcb_resv[10]; /* Reserved for DOS */
char fcb_currec; /* Current record in block */
long fcb_random; /* Random record number */
};


int fclose(FILE *stream);
关闭一个流。
成功返回0；失败是返回EOF。
int fcloseall(void);
关闭所有打开的流，除了stdin,stdout,stdprn,stderr和stdaux。


char *fcvt(double value,int ndig,int *dec,int *sign);
把浮点数转换成字符串，把浮点数value转换成长度为ndig的以空字符终结的字符串，返回一个指向这个字符串的指针，相对于串的开始处，
小数点的位置，由dec间接存贮，dec若为负值，表示小数点在返回的字符串的左边。返回的字符串本身不带小数点。如果value的符号为负，由sign指向的值非零；否则它是零。


FILE *fdopen(int handle,char *type);
把流与一个文件描述字相联系地打开。fdopen使流stream与一个从creat,dup,dup2或open得到的文件描述字相联系。流的类型type必须与打开文件描述字handle的模式相匹配。
类型字符串type可以是下列值之一：
r,打开用于只读；
w,创建用于写；
a,打开用于写在原有内容后面，文件不存在时创建用于写；
r+，打开已存在的文件用于更新（读和写）；
a+，添加打开，文件不存在时创建，在末尾更新。成功时返回新打开的流。出错时返回NULL。





int feof(FILE *stream);
测试所给stream的文件尾标记的宏。
若检测到文件尾标记EOF或Ctrl-z返回非零值；否则，返回0。

#include
int ferror(FILE *stream);
测试给定流读写错误的宏。
若检测到给定流上的错误返回非0值。
struct ffblk {
char ff_reserved[21];
char ff_attrib;
unsigned ff_ftime;
unsigned ff_fdate;
long ff_fsize;
char ff_name[13];
};


int fflush(FILE *stream);
清除输入流的缓冲区，使它仍然打开，并把输出流的缓冲区的内容写入它所联系的文件中。成功时返回0，出错时返回EOF。

int fgetc(FILE *stream);
从流中读取下一个字符。
成功是返回输入流中的下一个字符；至文件结束或出错时返回EOF。

int fgetchar(void);
从标准输入流中读取字符，时定义为getc(stdin)的宏。
返回输入流stdin中的下一个字符，它已被转换成为无符号扩展的整形值。遇到出错或文件结束时返回EOF。

int fgetpos(FILE stream,fpos_t *pos);
取得当前文件指针。
fgetpos把与stream相联系的文件指针的位置保存在pos所指的地方。
其中，类型fpos_t在stdio.h中定义为
typeddf long fpos_t;
成功时返回0；失败时，返回非0值。


char *fgets(char *s,int n,FILE *stream);
成行读。
从流stream读n-1个字符，或遇换行符&#39;
&#39;为止，把读出的内容，存入s中。与gets不同，fgets在s未尾保留换行符。一个空字节被加入到s，用来标记串的结束。
成功时返回s所指的字符串；在出错或遇到文件结束时返回NULL。

long filelength(int handle);
返回与handle相联系的文件长度的字节数，出错时返回-1L。

int fileno(FILE *stream);
返回与stream相联系的文件描述字。



int fileno(FILE *stream);
返回与stream相联系的文件描述字。

enum fill_patterns { /* Fill patterns for get/setfillstyle */
0 EMPTY_FILL, /* fills area in background color */
1 SOLID_FILL, /* fills area in solid fill color */
2 LINE_FILL, /* --- fill */
3 LTSLASH_FILL, /* /// fill */
4 SLASH_FILL, /* /// fill with thick lines */
5 BKSLASH_FILL, /* \\\ fill with thick lines */
6 LTBKSLASH_FILL, /* \\\ fill */
7 HATCH_FILL, /* light hatch fill */
8 XHATCH_FILL, /* heavy cross hatch fill */
9 INTERLEAVE_FILL, /* interleaving line fill */
10 WIDE_DOT_FILL, /* Widely spaced dot fill */
11 CLOSE_DOT_FILL, /* Closely spaced dot fill */
12 USER_FILL /* user defined fill */

void far fillellipse(int x,int y,int xradius,int yradius);
画一填充椭圆。
以(x,y)为中心，以xradius和yradius为水平和垂直半轴，用当前颜色画边线，画一椭圆，用当前填充颜色和填充方式填充。

int findfirst(const char *pathname,struct ffblk *ffblk,int attrib);
搜索磁盘目录。开始通过DOS系统调用0x4E对磁盘目录进行搜索。pathname中可含有要找的盘区路径文件名。
文件名中可含有通配符（如*或？）。如果找到了匹配的文件，把文件目录信息填入ffblk结构。
attrib是MS-DOS的文件属性字节，用于在搜索过程中选择符合条件的文件。
attrib可以是在dos.h中定义的下列可取值之一:FA_RDONLY,只读;FA_HIDDEN隐藏;FA_SYSTEM系统文件;FA_LABEL卷标;FA_DIREC,目录;FA_ARCH,档案.可参考>.
结构ffblk的格式如下:
struct ffblk{
char ff_reserved[21}; /*由DOS保留*/
char ff_attrib; /*属性查找*/
int ff_ftime; /*文件时间*/
int f_fdate; /*文件日期*/
long ff_fsize; /*文件大小*/
char ff_name[13}; /*找到的文件名*/

在成功的地找到了与搜索路径pathname相匹配的文件名后返回0；否则返回-1。


int findnext(xtruct ffblk *ffblk);继续按findfirst的pathname搜索磁盘目录。
成功地找到了与搜索路径pathname相匹配的后续文件名后返回0；否则返回-1。


void far floodfill(int x,int y, int border);
填充一个有界的区域。


double floor(double x);
返回〈=x的用双精度浮点数表示的最大整数。

int flushall(void);
清除所有缓冲区。
清除所有与打开输入流相联系的缓冲区，并把所有和打开输出流相联系的缓冲区的内容写入到各自的文件中，跟在flushall后面的读操作，从输入文件中读新数据到缓冲区中。
返回一个表示打开输入流和输出流总数的整数。


couble fmod (double x, double y);
返回x对y的模，即x/y的余数。


void fnmerge(char *path,const char *drive,const char *dir,const char *name,const char *ext);
由给定的盘区路径文件名扩展名等组成部分建立path。
如果drive给出X：，dir给出\DIR\SUBDIR\,name给出NAME,和.ext给出.EXT,根据给定的组成部分,可建立一个完整的盘区路径文件名path为:
X:\DIR\CUBDIR\NAME.EXT

int fnsplit(const char *path,char *drive,char *cir,char *name,char *ext);
可把由path给出的盘区路径文件名扩展名分解成为各自的组成部分.返回一整型数.


FILE*fopen (const char *filemane,const char *mode);
打开文件filemane返回相联系的流；出错返回NULL。
mode字符串的可取值有：r，打开用于读；w，打开用于写；a，打开用于在原有内容之后写；r+，打开已存在的文件用于更新（读和写）；w+创建新文件用于更新；a+，打开用于在原有内容之后更新，若文件不存在就创建。


unsigned FP_OFF(void far *farptr);
返回远指针farptr的地址偏移量。


int fprintf(FILE *stream,const char *format[,argument,...]);
照原样抄写格式串format的内容到流stream中，每遇到一个%，就按规定的格式，依次输出一个表达式argument的值到流stream中，返回写的字符个数。出错时返回EOF。

FILE *stream;
void main( void )
{
long l;
float fp;
char s[81];
char c;
stream = fopen( "fscanf.txt", "w+" );
if( stream == NULL )
printf( "The file fscanf.out was not opened
" );
else {fprintf( stream, "%s %ld %f%c", "a-string",65000, 3.14159, &#39;x&#39; );
/* Set pointer to beginning of file: */
fseek( stream, 0L, SEEK_SET );
/* Read data back from file: */
fscanf( stream, "%s", s );
fscanf( stream, "%ld", &l );
fscanf( stream, "%f",
fscanf( stream, "%c", &c );/* Output data read: */
printf( "%s
", s );
printf( "%ld
", l );
printf( "%f
", fp );
printf( "%c
", c );
fclose( stream ); }
}


int fputc(int c,FILE *stream);
写一个字符到流中。
成功时返回所写的字符，失败或出错时返回EOF。

int fputchar(int c);
送一个字符到屏幕。
等价于fputc(c,stdout);成功时返回所写的字符，失败或出错时返回EOF。

int fputs(const char *s,FILE *stream);
把s所指的以空字符终结的字符串送入流中，不加换行符&#39;
&#39;，不拷贝串结束符&#39;\0&#39;。
成功时返回最后的字符，出错时返回EOF。

size_t fread(void *ptr,size_t size,size_t n,FILE *stream);
从所给的输入流stream中读取的n项数据，每一项数据长度为size字节，到由ptr所指的块中。
成功时返回所读的数据项数（不是字节数）；遇到文件结束或出错时可能返回0。
void free(void *block);
释放先前分配的首地址为block的内存块。

int freemem(unsigned segx);
释放先前由allocmem分配的段地址为segx的内存块。

FILE *freopen(const char *filename,const char *mode,FILE *stream);
用filename所指定的文件代替打开的流stream所指定的文件。返回stream，出错时返回NULL。


double frexp(double x int *exponent);
将x分解成尾数合指数。
将给出的双精度数x分解成为在0.5和1之间尾数m和整形的指数n，使原来的x=m*(2的n次方），将整形指数n存入exponent所指的地址中，返回尾数m。


int fscan(FILE *stream,char *format,address,...);
fscanf扫描输入字段，从流stream读入，每读入一个字段，就依次按照由format所指的格式串中取一个从%开始的格式进行格式化之后存入对应的一个地址address中。
返回成功地扫描，转换和存贮输入字段的个数，遇文件结束返回EOF。

FILE *stream;
void main( void )
{
long l;
float fp;
char s[81];
char c;
stream = fopen( "fscanf.txt", "w+" );
if( stream == NULL )
printf( "The file fscanf.out was not opened
" );
else {fprintf( stream, "%s %ld %f%c", "a-string",65000, 3.14159, &#39;x&#39; );
/* Set pointer to beginning of file: */
fseek( stream, 0L, SEEK_SET );
/* Read data back from file: */
fscanf( stream, "%s", s );
fscanf( stream, "%ld", &l );
fscanf( stream, "%f",
fscanf( stream, "%c", &c );/* Output data read: */
printf( "%s
", s );
printf( "%ld
", l );
printf( "%f
", fp );
printf( "%c
", c );
fclose( stream ); }
}


int fseek(FILE *stream,long offset,int whence);
在流上重新定位文件结构的位置。fseek设置与流stream相联系的文件指针到新的位置，新位置与whence给定的文件位置的距离为offset字节。
whence的取值必须是0，1或2中的一个，分别代表在stdio.h中定义的三个符号常量：
0是SEEK_SET,是文件开始位置；
1是SEEK_CUR，是当前的指针位置；
2时SEEK_END，是文件末尾。
调用了fseek之后，在更新的文件位置上，下一个操作可以是输入；也可以是输出。成功地移动了指针时，fseek返回0；出错或失败时返回非0值。
例:
#include
FILE *stream;
void main( void )
{
long l;
float fp;
char s[81];
char c;
stream = fopen( "fscanf.txt", "w+" );
if( stream == NULL )
printf( "The file fscanf.out was not opened
" );
else {fprintf( stream, "%s %ld %f%c", "a-string",65000, 3.14159, &#39;x&#39; );
/* Set pointer to beginning of file: */
fseek( stream, 0L, SEEK_SET );
/* Read data back from file: */
fscanf( stream, "%s", s );
fscanf( stream, "%ld", &l );
fscanf( stream, "%f",
fscanf( stream, "%c", &c );/* Output data read: */
printf( "%s
", s );
printf( "%ld
", l );
printf( "%f
", fp );
printf( "%c
", c );
fclose( stream ); }
}


int fsetpos(FILE *stream,const fpos_t *pos);
fsetpos把与stream相联系的文件指针置于新的位置。这个新的位置是先前对此流调用fgetpos所得的值。
fsetpos清除stream所指文件的文件结束标志，并消除对该文件的所有ungetc操作。在调用fsetpos之后，文件的下一操作可以是输入或输出。
调用fsetpos成功时返回0；若失败，返回非0值。


int fstat(int handle,struct stat *statbuf);
把与handle相联系的打开文件或目录的信息存入到statbuf所指的定义在sys\stat.h中的stat结构中。成功时返回0；出错时返回-1。


long int ftell(FILE *stream);
返回流stream中当前文件指针位置。偏移量是文件开始算起的字节数。出错时返回-1L，是长整数的-1值。

void ftime(struct timeb *buf);
把当前时间存入到在sys\timeb.h中定义的timeb结构中。


size_t fwrite(const void *ptr,size_t size,size_t n,FILE *stream);
fwrite从指针ptr开始把n个数据项添加到给定输出流stream，每个数据项的长度为size个字节。
成功是返回确切的数据项数（不是字节数）；出错时返回短（short）计数值。可能是0。

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:23
函数名: gcvt
功 能: 把浮点数转换成字符串
用 法: char *gcvt(double value, int ndigit, char *buf);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char str[25];
double num;
int sig = 5; /* significant digits */
/* a regular number */
num = 9.876;
gcvt(num, sig, str);
printf("string = %s
", str);
/* a negative number */
num = -123.4567;
gcvt(num, sig, str);
printf("string = %s
", str);
/* scientific notation */
num = 0.678e5;
gcvt(num, sig, str);
printf("string = %s
", str);
return(0);
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:24
函数名: geninterrupt
功 能: 产生一个软中断
用 法: void geninterrupt(int intr_num);
程序例:
#include
#include
/* function prototype */
void writechar(char ch);
int main(void)
{
clrscr();
gotoxy(80,25);
writechar(&#39;*&#39;);
getch();
return 0;
}
/*
outputs a character at the current cursor
position using the video BIOS to avoid the
scrolling of the screen when writing to
location (80,25).
*/
void writechar(char ch)
{
struct text_info ti;
/* grab current text settings */
gettextinfo(&ti);
/* interrupt 0x10 sub-function 9 */
_AH = 9;
/* character to be output */
_AL = ch;
_BH = 0; /* video page */
_BL = ti.attribute; /* video attribute */
_CX = 1; /* repetition factor */
geninterrupt(0x10); /* output the char */
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:25
函数名: getarccoords
功 能: 取得最后一次调用arc的坐标
用 法: void far getarccoords(struct arccoordstype far *arccoords);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
struct arccoordstype arcinfo;
int midx, midy;
int stangle = 45, endangle = 270;
char sstr[80], estr[80];
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
/* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* draw arc and get coordinates */
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
arc(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, 100);
getarccoords(&arcinfo);
/* convert arc information into strings */
sprintf(sstr, "*- (%d, %d)",
arcinfo.xstart, arcinfo.ystart);
sprintf(estr, "*- (%d, %d)",
arcinfo.xend, arcinfo.yend);
/* output the arc information */
outtextxy(arcinfo.xstart,
arcinfo.ystart, sstr);
outtextxy(arcinfo.xend,
arcinfo.yend, estr);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:25
函数名: getaspectratio
功 能: 返回当前图形模式的纵横比
用 法: void far getaspectratio(int far *xasp, int far *yasp);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int xasp, yasp, midx, midy;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
/* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* get current aspect ratio settings */
getaspectratio(&xasp, &yasp);
/* draw normal circle */
circle(midx, midy, 100);
getch();
/* draw wide circle */
cleardevice();
setaspectratio(xasp/2, yasp);
circle(midx, midy, 100);
getch();
/* draw narrow circle */
cleardevice();
setaspectratio(xasp, yasp/2);
circle(midx, midy, 100);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:26
函数名: getbkcolor
功 能: 返回当前背景颜色
用 法: int far getbkcolor(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int bkcolor, midx, midy;
char bkname[35];
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
/* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* for centering text on the display */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
/* get the current background color */
bkcolor = getbkcolor();
/* convert color value into a string */
itoa(bkcolor, bkname, 10);
strcat(bkname,
" is the current background color.");
/* display a message */
outtextxy(midx, midy, bkname);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:27
函数名: getc
功 能: 从流中取字符
用 法: int getc(FILE *stream);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
char ch;
printf("Input a character:");
/* read a character from the
standard input stream */
ch = getc(stdin);
printf("The character input was: &#39;%c&#39;
",
ch);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:27
函数名: getcbrk
功 能: 获取Control_break设置
用 法: int getcbrk(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
if (getcbrk())
printf("Cntrl-brk flag is on
");
else
printf("Cntrl-brk flag is off
");
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:28
函数名: getch
功 能: 从控制台无回显地取一个字符
用 法: int getch(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char ch;
printf("Input a character:");
ch = getche();
printf("
You input a &#39;%c&#39;
", ch);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:28
函数名: getchar
功 能: 从stdin流中读字符
用 法: int getchar(void);
程序例:
#include
int main(void)
{
int c;
/* Note that getchar reads from stdin and
is line buffered; this means it will
not return until you press ENTER. */
while ((c = getchar()) != &#39;
&#39;)
printf("%c", c);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:29
函数名: getche
功 能: 从控制台取字符(带回显)
用 法: int getche(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char ch;
printf("Input a character:");
ch = getche();
printf("
You input a &#39;%c&#39;
", ch);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:30
函数名: getcolor
功 能: 返回当前画线颜色
用 法: int far getcolor(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int color, midx, midy;
char colname[35];
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
/* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* for centering text on the display */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
/* get the current drawing color */
color = getcolor();
/* convert color value into a string */
itoa(color, colname, 10);
strcat(colname,
" is the current drawing color.");
/* display a message */
outtextxy(midx, midy, colname);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:31
函数名: getcurdir
功 能: 取指定驱动器的当前目录
用 法: int getcurdir(int drive, char *direc);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
char *current_directory(char *path)
{
strcpy(path, "X:\\"); /* fill string with form of response: X:\ */
path[0] = &#39;A&#39; + getdisk(); /* replace X with current drive letter */
getcurdir(0, path+3); /* fill rest of string with current directory */
return(path);
}
int main(void)
{
char curdir[MAXPATH];
current_directory(curdir);
printf("The current directory is %s
", curdir);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:31
函数名: getcwd
功 能: 取当前工作目录
用 法: char *getcwd(char *buf, int n);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char buffer[MAXPATH];
getcwd(buffer, MAXPATH);
printf("The current directory is: %s
", buffer);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:31
函数名: getdate
功 能: 取DOS日期
用 法: void getdate(struct *dateblk);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
struct date d;
getdate(&d);
printf("The current year is: %d
",
d.da_year);
printf("The current day is: %d
",
d.da_day);
printf("The current month is: %d
",
d.da_mon);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:32
函数名: getdefaultpalette
功 能: 返回调色板定义结构
用 法: struct palettetype *far getdefaultpalette(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int i;
/* structure for returning palette copy */
struct palettetype far *pal=(void *) 0;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
/* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* return a pointer to the default palette */
pal = getdefaultpalette();
for (i=0; i<16; i++)
{
printf("colors[%d] = %d
", i,
pal->colors);
getch();
}
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:32
函数名: getdisk
功 能: 取当前磁盘驱动器号
用 法: int getdisk(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
int disk;
disk = getdisk() + &#39;A&#39;;
printf("The current drive is: %c
",
disk);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:32
函数名: getdrivername
功 能: 返回指向包含当前图形驱动程序名字的字符串指针
用 法: char *getdrivename(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
/* stores the device driver name */
char *drivername;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
/* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* get name of the device driver in use */
drivername = getdrivername();
/* for centering text on the screen */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
/* output the name of the driver */
outtextxy(getmaxx() / 2, getmaxy() / 2,
drivername);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:32
函数名: getdta
功 能: 取磁盘传输地址
用 法: char far *getdta(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
char far *dta;
dta = getdta();
printf("The current disk transfer \
address is: %Fp
", dta);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:33
函数名: getenv
功 能: 从环境中取字符串
用 法: char *getenv(char *envvar);
程序例:
#include
#include

int main(void)
{
char *s;
s=getenv("COMSPEC"); /* get the comspec environment parameter */
printf("Command processor: %s
",s); /* display comspec parameter */
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:34
函数名: getfat, getfatd
功 能: 取文件分配表信息
用 法: void getfat(int drive, struct fatinfo *fatblkp);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
struct fatinfo diskinfo;
int flag = 0;
printf("Please insert disk in drive A
");
getchar();
getfat(1, &diskinfo);
/* get drive information */
printf("
Drive A: is ");
switch((unsigned char) diskinfo.fi_fatid)
{
case 0xFD:
printf("360K low density
");
break;
case 0xF9:
printf("1.2 Meg high density
");
break;
default:
printf("unformatted
");
flag = 1;
}
if (!flag)
{
printf(" sectors per cluster %5d
",
diskinfo.fi_sclus);
printf(" number of clusters %5d
",
diskinfo.fi_nclus);
printf(" bytes per sector %5d
",
diskinfo.fi_bysec);
}
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:34
函数名: getfillpattern
功 能: 将用户定义的填充模式拷贝到内存中
用 法: void far getfillpattern(char far *upattern);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int maxx, maxy;
char pattern[8] = {0x00, 0x70, 0x20, 0x27, 0x25, 0x27, 0x04, 0x04};
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
maxx = getmaxx();
maxy = getmaxy();
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
/* select a user defined fill pattern */
setfillpattern(pattern, getmaxcolor());
/* fill the screen with the pattern */
bar(0, 0, maxx, maxy);
getch();
/* get the current user defined fill pattern */
getfillpattern(pattern);
/* alter the pattern we grabbed */
pattern[4] -= 1;
pattern[5] -= 3;
pattern[6] += 3;
pattern[7] -= 4;
/* select our new pattern */
setfillpattern(pattern, getmaxcolor());
/* fill the screen with the new pattern */
bar(0, 0, maxx, maxy);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:34
函数名: getfillsettings
功 能: 取得有关当前填充模式和填充颜色的信息
用 法: void far getfillsettings(struct fillsettingstype far *fillinfo);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
/ the names of the fill styles supported */
char *fname[] = { "EMPTY_FILL",
"SOLID_FILL",
"LINE_FILL",
"LTSLASH_FILL",
"SLASH_FILL",
"BKSLASH_FILL",
"LTBKSLASH_FILL",
"HATCH_FILL",
"XHATCH_FILL",
"INTERLEAVE_FILL",
"WIDE_DOT_FILL",
"CLOSE_DOT_FILL",
"USER_FILL"
};
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
struct fillsettingstype fillinfo;
int midx, midy;
char patstr[40], colstr[40];
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* get information about current fill pattern and color */
getfillsettings(&fillinfo);
/* convert fill information into strings */
sprintf(patstr, "%s is the fill style.", fname[fillinfo.pattern]);
sprintf(colstr, "%d is the fill color.", fillinfo.color);
/* display the information */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(midx, midy, patstr);
outtextxy(midx, midy+2*textheight("W"), colstr);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:35
函数名: getftime
功 能: 取文件日期和时间
用 法: int getftime(int handle, struct ftime *ftimep);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *stream;
struct ftime ft;
if ((stream = fopen("TEST.$$$",
"wt")) == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Cannot open output file.
");
return 1;
}
getftime(fileno(stream), &ft);
printf("File time: %u:%u:%u
",
ft.ft_hour, ft.ft_min,
ft.ft_tsec * 2);
printf("File date: %u/%u/%u
",
ft.ft_month, ft.ft_day,
ft.ft_year+1980);
fclose(stream);
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:35
函数名: getgraphmode
功 能: 返回当前图形模式
用 法: int far getgraphmode(void);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy, mode;
char numname[80], modename[80];
/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
/* an error occurred */
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s
",
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
/* terminate with an error code */
exit(1);
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* get mode number and name strings */
mode = getgraphmode();
sprintf(numname,
"%d is the current mode number.",
mode);
sprintf(modename,
"%s is the current graphics mode",
getmodename(mode));
/* display the information */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(midx, midy, numname);
outtextxy(midx, midy+2*textheight("W"),
modename);
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

---

作者: 墙角野猫    时间: 2006-7-12 23:35
函数名: getftime
功 能: 取文件日期和时间
用 法: int getftime(int handle, struct ftime *ftimep);
程序例:
#include
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *stream;
struct ftime ft;
if ((stream = fopen("TEST.$$$",
"wt")) == NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Cannot open output file.
");
return 1;
}
getftime(fileno(stream), &ft);
printf("File time: %u:%u:%u
",
ft.ft_hour, ft.ft_min,
ft.ft_tsec * 2);
printf("File date: %u/%u/%u
",
ft.ft_month, ft.ft_day,
ft.ft_year+1980);
fclose(stream);
return 0;
}

---

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